Quadratic Equations – Newton’s Sums – JEE Main 03 April 2025 Shift 1

Question ID: #1102
JEE Main3 April Shift 1, 2025Algebra

Let $\alpha$ and $\beta$ be the roots of $x^{2}+\sqrt{3}x-16=0$, and $\gamma$ and $\delta$ be the roots of $x^{2}+3x-1=0$. If $P_{n}=\alpha^{n}+\beta^{n}$ and $Q_{n}=\gamma^{n}+\delta^{n}$, then $\frac{P_{25}+\sqrt{3}P_{24}}{2P_{23}}+\frac{Q_{25}-Q_{23}}{Q_{24}}$ is equal to

  • (1) 3
  • (2) 4
  • (3) 5
  • (4) 7

Solution:

$$x^{2}+\sqrt{3}x-16=0$$

$$P_{n}=\alpha^{n}+\beta^{n}$$

$$P_{n}+\sqrt{3}P_{n-1}-16P_{n-2}=0$$

$$P_{25}+\sqrt{3}P_{24}-16P_{23}=0$$

$$P_{25}+\sqrt{3}P_{24}=16P_{23}$$

$$\frac{P_{25}+\sqrt{3}P_{24}}{2P_{23}} = \frac{16P_{23}}{2P_{23}} = 8$$

$$x^{2}+3x-1=0$$

$$Q_{n}=\gamma^{n}+\delta^{n}$$

$$Q_{25}-Q_{23} = \gamma^{25}+\delta^{25}-\gamma^{23}-\delta^{23}$$

$$= \gamma^{23}(\gamma^{2}-1)+\delta^{23}(\delta^{2}-1)$$

$$\gamma^{2}+3\gamma-1=0 \Rightarrow \gamma^{2}-1=-3\gamma$$

$$\delta^{2}+3\delta-1=0 \Rightarrow \delta^{2}-1=-3\delta$$

$$= \gamma^{23}(-3\gamma)+\delta^{23}(-3\delta)$$

$$= -3(\gamma^{24}+\delta^{24})$$

$$= -3Q_{24}$$

$$\frac{Q_{25}-Q_{23}}{Q_{24}} = \frac{-3Q_{24}}{Q_{24}} = -3$$

$$\frac{P_{25}+\sqrt{3}P_{24}}{2P_{23}}+\frac{Q_{25}-Q_{23}}{Q_{24}} = 8 – 3 = 5$$

Ans. (3)

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